1887 S.W. Silver & Co.’s Handbk to S. Afr. 140 There are some fruits which have not as yet got names from any of the languages of Europe. One of these is the Kukamakranka; it is the Gethillis spirilis.

Did you know that depending on where you are in the English-speaking world, the bundu, a distant or wilderness region, is also referred to as the wilds (British English), the outback (Australian English) and the boonies or boondocks (American English)?

Approximately 18% of the words recorded in this dictionary, including commonly used South African English words such as donga, lapa, fundi and doedoe, are derived from local indigenous African languages. Use the Browse Related Words links at each entry to find more words borrowed from the same languages.

The United Nations has declared 2019 The International Year of Indigenous Languages (IYIL2019) in order to raise awareness of the over 4000 indigenous languages spoken worldwide, many of which are in danger of becoming extinct.

South Africa has numerous indigenous languages in use and 11 official languages recognised in its Constitution, each featured as Language of the Month throughout 2019.

As part of the International Year of Indigenous Languages, the South African Centre for Digital Language Resources (SADiLaR) is organising events and workshops dedicated to South Africa’s official languages throughout the year.

Read more about the events taking place at various universities in South Africa highlighting our indigenous languages and the development of language resources for them.

Xitsonga (part of the Bantu language family) is spoken as a first language by over 2 million South Africans (Census 2011). Prominent Xitsonga speakers include former South African soccer star, Jomo Sono, the current mayor of Johannesburg, Herman Mashaba, and the South African Finance Minister, Tito Mboweni. According to available linguistic evidence, the word Tsonga as a name for the people (now Vatsonga), entered South African English in 1940. Other borrowings from Xitsonga include focho (a music style) and nyala (a species of antelope).